how does the idea of caste differ from class

The key differences between caste and class are:

1. Origin and basis:

• Caste is typically hereditary and determined at birth based on family/ancestry

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• Class is based on socioeconomic factors like wealth, education, occupation, etc. that can change over a person's lifetime

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2. Mobility:

• Caste system is rigid with very limited social mobility. A person's caste generally cannot be changed

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• Class system is more flexible, allowing for upward and downward social mobility based on individual achievements

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3. Cultural/religious aspects:

• Caste often has religious/ritual significance and cultural traditions associated with it

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• Class is primarily secular and economic in nature

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4. Restrictions:

• Caste systems often have strict rules about social interactions, marriage, occupation etc. between castes

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• Class systems typically don't have formal restrictions on inter-class interactions

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5. Geographic prevalence:

• Caste system is mainly associated with the Indian subcontinent

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• Class systems are found in most societies globally, especially industrialized nations

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6. Basis of hierarchy:

• Caste hierarchy is based on notions of ritual purity/pollution

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• Class hierarchy is based on economic and power differences

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7. Nature:

• Caste system tends to be more static and closed

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• Class system is generally more dynamic and open

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In summary, while both involve social stratification, caste is a more rigid, hereditary system tied to cultural/religious traditions, whereas class is a more flexible system based on socioeconomic factors. The key distinction is that caste is ascribed at birth, while class can be achieved through individual effort.